Banking is the activity carried out by commercial and development banks in the various areas that make up the banking system and financial institutions, these being those that accept money in the form of a deposit and later, based on their resources, grant credits, discounts. And other financial processes for which it responsibilities interest, commissions, and expenses, if applicable.
In itself, banking is also the result of the set of financial institutions or entities that perform the function of a bank.
Banks provide different types of services ( banking operations ) to their customers:
They accept money deposits from their clients that consist of checking or other types of accounts, providing them with all kinds of collection, payment, transfers, etc. (banking services), which are currently frequently carried out electronically through online payments, credit and debit cards, and POS terminals.
Liability operations: they lend money from their clients through all types of loans (personal or mortgage ), credits, discounts, or other less typical functions such as factoring and leasing.
They can create bank money through the cash ratio, making accounting entries that involve the appearance of money that does not have a physical presence.
Facilitate currency exchange operations and others related to them to their clients.
They can operate in the financial markets on equal terms with the securities entities authorized therein, carrying out operations for their clients or operations and investments on behalf of the bank and its funds.
They carry out very short-term operations with other banks in the so-called interbank market to maintain their deposits and the cash ratio that we have discussed before.
Each banking entity is oriented towards a specific type of business and seeks to operate in certain areas. That is why we talk about industrial banking or commercial banking.
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